As it was somewhat difficult for the subjects to eat beefsteak alone, approximately 20 grams of potato chips were taken in a few of the Boston calorimeter experiments. The potato chips contained a considerable proportion of fat and about the same amount of carbohydrate.1 The carbohydrate thus added to the diet was not sufficient to affect the measurements appreciably and, in view of the relatively large amount of fat in the beefsteak, it was assumed that the additional fat in the potato chips would play but a small part in the total metabolism. The five experiments in this series were made between January 17 and May 11, 1911, the amount of beefsteak ranging from 193 to 272 grams. These experiments continued for 3 hours after the food was ingested. Thus the total time for the preceding basal experiment and the food experiment was about 8 hours, which was as long as it was practicable for the subjects to remain quiet. In all cases the measurements were made in periods of 45 minutes. It was subsequently decided that observations of this length with the calorimeter did not give results with a sufficient degree of accuracy and their use was discontinued in later experimenting. Except in the experiment with J. J. C. on May 11, 1911, the basal values for this series of observations were determined on the same day as the metabolism subsequent to the ingestion of the beefsteak and potato chips. Truly comparable values were thus obtained. Statistical data not included in the tables or in the discussion of the experiments are here given:

J. J. C, 9h24m A. M. To 3h37m P. M., January 17, 1911. 64.9 Kilograms. 3 Basal Periods

Low-carbohydrate supper preceding day. Basal periods ended llh42m a. m.; food periods began 12h37m p. m. Went to sleep at beginning of first basal period, but was wakened 20 minutes after period had begun; very quiet all of this period, reading when awake. Quiet for most part in second basal period, dozing slightly once. Very quiet in last basal period, also in first, second, and third food periods, and slept part of time in third food period. More wide-awake in last food period than previously and very quiet, especially at end. Urinated 7 a. m., llh04m a. m., and 3h50m p. m.; went through motions of urinating each period, usually near beginning of period. Basal periods: pulse rate, 62; respiration rate, 17. Food periods: pulse rate, 64; respiration rate, 17.

J. J. C, 12h45m P. M. To 6h45m P. M., May 11,1911. 64.6 Kilograms

Very quiet throughout experiment, sleeping greater part of time. Moved considerably near beginning of both second and sixth periods, answering telephone in latter period and adjusting stethoscope. Urinated 8 a. m., 10h50m a. m., and 6h23m p. m. Body-temperature: 37.12°, 37.11°, 37.00°, 36.94°, 36.88°, 36.71°, 36.59°, 36.43°, 36.47° C. Pulse rate, 59.

1See p. 258 and table 50.

C. H. H., 8h58m A. M. To 2h48m P. M., January 18, 1911. 54.8 Kilograms. 2 Basal Periods

Basal periods ended at 10h28m a. m.; food periods began at llh48m a. m. Urinated and defecated at 6h30m a. m. and urinated at 2h47m p. m. Quiet throughout experiment. Basal periods: pulse rate, 68; respiration rate, 16. Food periods: pulse rate, 74; respiration rate, 18.

V. G., 8h55m A. M. To 2h40m P. M., January 21, 1911. 55.3 Kilograms. 2 Basal Periods

Low carbohydrate supper previous day. Basal periods ended at 10h25m a. m.; food periods began at llh43m a. m. Drank 154 c.c. water with food. Urinated 7h48m a. m., 10h35m a. m., 3 p. m.; went through motions of urinating near beginning of each period. Basal periods: pulse rate, 67; respiration rate, 21. Food periods: pulse rate, 66; respiration rate, 21.

A. G. E., 8h47m A. M. To 2h52m P. M., January 23, 1911. 56.4 Kilograms. 2 Basal Periods

Basal periods ended 10h47m a. m.; food periods began llh52m a. m. Drank 125 c.c. water with food. Very quiet throughout whole experiment; urinated 7 a. m., 10h28m a. m., 3 p. m. Basal periods: pulse rate, 70; respiration rate, 15. Food periods: pulse rate, 72; respiration rate, 15.

Discussion Of Experiments

J.J. C, January 17, 1911

The results of the experiment are given in table 210, from which it is seen that the increment in metabolism continued throughout the four periods. The inference from the values obtained would be that the effect of the food was still persisting at the end of the experiment. This appears the more probable, for we have here no uncertain basal value, as the post-absorptive metabolism values were also determined on this day. It is clear, therefore, that with this subject the eating of 193 grams of beefsteak with a nitrogen content of 8.99 grams and 20 grams of potato chips, resulted in an increased metabolism which persisted at a noticeable level for the 3 hours of the experiment.

Table 210. - J. J. C, January 17, 1911. Sitting. (45-Minute Periods). Beefsteak And Potato Chips

Amounts, 193 grams beefsteak. 20 grams potato chips; nitrogen, 8.99 grams; total energy, 504 cals. Fuel value: Total, 425 cals.; from protein, 54 p. ct.; from fat, 39 p. ct.; from carbohydrates, 7 p. ct. Nitrogen in urine, 0.44 gram per 45 minutes.1 Basal values (January 17, 1911): CO2, 19.5 grams; O2. 18 grams; heat (computed), 60 cals.; respiratory quotient, 0.78. Nitrogen in urine, 0.32 gram per 45 minutes.

1Sample included amount for about 1 hour preceding eating of food.