J. J. C, May 11, 1911

This is one of the few experiments in this research in which the bed calorimeter was used instead of the chair calorimeter. In the bed calorimeter there is usually a somewhat greater degree of muscular repose, as the subject is lying down instead of sitting up in a chair. The post-absorptive metabolism for J. J. C. was not determined on the same day with the bed calorimeter; it was therefore necessary to utilize post-absorptive values obtained with the apparatus in experiments made between October 27 and November 15, 1910, approximately 6 months prior to the experiment with beefsteak and potato chips. In the experiment with this subject on January 17, it appeared that the full effect of the food was not determined during the period of the observations; the experiment on May 11 was therefore continued for eight 45-minute periods instead of for four periods, as in the other experiments of the series. The results of the experiment are given in table 211.

Table 211. - J. J. C, May 11, 1911. Lying. (45-Minute Periods). Beefsteak And Potato Chips

Amounts, 270 grams beefsteak, 41 grams potato chips; nitrogen, 12.67 grams; total energy, 787 cals. Fuel value: Total, 676 cals.; from protein, 48 p. ct.; from fat, 41 p. ct.; from carbohydrates, 11 p. ct. Nitrogen in urine, 0.51 gram per 45 minutes.1 Basal values (October 27 to November 15, 1910): CO2, 17 grams; O2, 14 grams; heat,2 49 cals.

1Nitrogen in an earlier sample for 2 3/4 hours following the eating of the food was 0.50 gram per 45 minutes.

2Heat eliminated corrected for change in body-weight, but not for change in body-temperature.

Following the ingestion of 270 grams of beefsteak, with a nitrogen content of 12.67 grams, and 41 grams of potato chips, the increment in carbon-dioxide production continued for only four periods. The increment in oxygen consumption was irregular after the first four periods and reached a basal value in the seventh period, but again increased in the last period. The increment in heat production was found in all of the periods but the last two, when values slightly below the basal were obtained.

C. H. H., January 18, 1911

The results of the experiment are given in table 212. As a result of the ingestion of 213 grams of beefsteak with a nitrogen content of 9.91 grams, and 20 grams of potato chips, the carbon-dioxide production showed a slight increment in all of the periods; the only notable increase was that in the third period. As the basal value was obtained on the same day, the slight gains can not be attributed to inaccuracy of the base-line. Both oxygen consumption and heat production showed a similar general picture of small increments, with the maximum in the third period. As the basal values had not been reached at the end of the experiment, it is probable that the influence of the ingestion of food was still in effect.

Table 212. - C. H. H., January 18, 1911. Sitting. (45-Minute Periods). Beefsteak And Potato Chips

Amounts, 213 grams beefsteak, 20 grams potato chips; nitrogen, 9.91 grams; total energy, 547 cals. Fuel value: Total, 460 cals.; from protein, 55 p. ct.; from fat, 36 p. ct.; from carbohydrates, 9 p. ct. Nitrogen in urine, 0.25 gram per 45 minutes.1 Basal values (January 18, 1911): CO2, 16.5 grams; O2, 15 grams; heat,2 45 cals.; respiratory quotient, 0.81.

1Sample included amount for 4 hours without food preceding the eating of beefsteak and potato chips. 2Heat eliminated corrected for change in body-weight, but not for change in body-temperature.

V. G., January 21, 1911

The amount of food taken by this subject was 215 grams of beefsteak, with a nitrogen content of 10 grams, and 20 grams of potato chips. The data given in table 213 show increments in carbon-dioxide production for the first three periods, and for oxygen consumption in the first two periods, with a basal value for the latter in the third period and an increase above basal in the fourth period. An increment in heat production was obtained in all of the periods, but that for the third period was slight. If the values for oxygen consumption and heat production in the third period are correct, the metabolism had returned to the basal level in that period and the figures obtained for the fourth period were therefore abnormal and due to some extraneous factor. On the other hand, an examination of the respiratory quotients shows an abnormally high value of 0.89 in the third period, which suggests an error in the measurement of oxygen consumption with a possible compensation in the fourth period. An examination of the protocols of the experiment indicates that there was somewhat more repose when the basal values were obtained than during the measurement after the food was taken. The increments here noted would therefore be larger than would be expected if the degree of repose were the same in both experiments.

Table 213. - V. G., January 21, 1911. Sitting. (45-Minute Periods). Beefsteak And Potato Chips

Amounts, 215 grams beefsteak, 20 grams potato chips; nitrogen, 10 grams; total energy, 551 cals. Fuel value: Total, 463 cals.; from protein, 55 p. ct.; from fat, 36 p. ct.; from carbohydrates, 9 p. ct. Nitrogen in urine, 0.32 gram per 45 minutes. Basal values: CO2, 22 grams (January 21, 1911); O2, 19 grams (January 2 and 21, 1911); heat (computed), 64 cals. (January 21, 1911). Nitrogen in urine, 0.20 gram per 45 minutes. (January 21, 1911).

Table 214. - A. G. E., January 23, 1911. Sitting. (45-Minute Periods). Beefsteak And Potato Chips

Amounts, 272 grams beefsteak, 20 grams potato chips; nitrogen, 12.63 grams; total energy, 677 cals. Fuel value: Total, 566 cals.; from protein, 57 p. ct.; from fat, 37 p. ct.; from carbohydrates, 6 p. ct. Nitrogen in urine, 0.42 gram per 45 minutes. Basal values (January 23,1911): CO2, 18 grams; O2, 16 grams; heat,1 53 cals.; respiratory quotient, 0.82. Nitrogen in urine, 0.21 gram per 45 minutes.

1Heat eliminated corrected for change in body-weight, but not for change in body-temperature. Subject ate food in 28 minutes.

A. G. E., January 23, 1911

After the ingestion of 272 grams of beefsteak with a nitrogen content of 12.63 grams, and 20 grams of potato chips, measurable increases were obtained for all of the factors of metabolism. (See table 214.) Although there is a lessening increment in the last period, the indications are that the stimulus to the metabolism had not ceased at the end of the experiment. The maximum values in all cases occur in the third period.