After-swarms: Swarms that emerge from the hive after the first swarm of the season.

Apiary: A number of colonies of bees in one location considered collectively.

Balling a queen: Covering the queen with bees to make a cluster about one inch in diameter and, perhaps, to kill her.

Bee-bread: Pollen gathered from flowers.

Bee-escape: A device that permits bees to pass from one story of a hive to another in only one direction.

Bee-moth: A moth that lays eggs the larvae of which eat wax and destroy combs.

Bee-pasture: Nectar secreting plants and trees.

Bee-space: The size of a space between frames or other parts of a hive that the bees will not fill with bee-glue or comb. About inch.

Beeswax: The wax secreted by bees for building combs.

Beeway sections: Small boxes for surplus honey with a passageway for bees when the sections are crowded together.

Brood: Bees in the pupa state or larvae maturing in cells.

Brood-chamber: The part of a hive where bees are produced.

Brood-comb: A comb in which bees are produced.

Burr-combs: Combs built in spaces left for the passage of bees.

Candied honey: Crystallized honey.

Capped brood: Brood in cells which are capped.

Cell-cup: A partially built queen-cell.

Cleansing flight: The flight of bees confined by cold when they void their feces. Colony-The bees in a hive.

Drone: A male bee.

Drone comb: Comb with hexagonal cells, about eighteen to the square inch, in which drones are reared and honey or pollen stored.

Drone egg: An unfertilized egg from which a drone is produced.

Dummy: A board the size of a frame. It is used to restrict the size of the brood chamber.

Dysentery: Diorrhea caused by confinement with poor stores.

Extracted honey: Honey thrown from combs by centrifugal force.

Extractor: A machine to throw honey from combs.

Feces: Bee excreta.

Fence: A separator used in supers to have combs built straight and a certain thickness.

Fertile queen: One that has mated.

Field workers: Bees which go out to gather water, pollen, nectar and propolis. Formic acid-The poison of the bee sting.

Foundation: Thin sheets of wax on which bees build cells on each side.

Foul brood: A disease of bees affecting the brood.

Honey: The product manufactured from nectar by bees.

Hony-dew: Secretions of aphids on leaves and plants sometimes gathered by bees.

Honey-sac: The sac in which bees carry nectar or honey.

Hybrids: A cross between races of bees.

Introducing cage: A box used to introduce queens to queenless colonies.

Italianize: Changing the race of bees by introducing an Italian queen. Longstroth frames-Frames named for the inventor of movable frames. Frames 17 5/8 inches long by 9 1/8 inches deep.

Larva (plural larvae): The worm that hatches from an egg laid by the queen. Laying worker-A worker bee that lays eggs which produce drones.

Mandibles: Jaws of a bee.

Nectar: A sweet liquid secreted by plant nectaries.

Neuter: Worker bee, an undeveloped female.

Nucleus (plural nuclei): A very small colony of bees.

Nurse bees: The young bees that feed the brood.

Out-apiary: An apiary located a distance from the home of the beekeeper.

Pollen: The powdery fertilizing substance formed in the anther of seed plants.

Pollen-basket: The cavity on the hind leg of a bee in which pollen is carried.

Prime swarm: The first swarm, containing the old queen, that emerges from a hive.

Propolis: Glue collected by bees to fill cracks of the hive.

Pupa: The stage in the development of the bee when it is sealed in the cell. Queen-A fully-developed female bee.

Queen-candy: A stiff mixture of powdered sugar and honey used in introducing cages.

Queen-cell: A cell in which a queen is reared.

Queen-excluder: A device made of wood and wire or zinc, with spaces 1/6 of an inch wide, through which worker bees may pass but which excludes queens and drones.

Queen trap: A device made for fastening to the entrance of hives to catch emerging drones or the queen.

Ripe honey: Honey from which sufficient moisture has been evaporated so that it will not ferment.

Royal jelly: A creamy secretion of the worker bees fed to all the larvae for three days and to queen larva during their larva life.

Sac brood: A brood disease.

Sealed brood: Brood capped by the bees.

Section: A small box for bees to use for surplus honey.

Section holder: A support for holding sections in supers.

Smoker: An implement for smoking bees.

Starter: A small piece of foundation attached to a frame or section.

Super: That part of a hive in which honey is stored.

Supercedure: The rearing of a queen to take the place of an old or failing queen.

Surplus honey: The honey above what the bees require.

Swarm: The bees with a queen that leave a hive to found a new home.

Tested queen: One mated with a drone of her own race.

Travel-stain: The dark stain on comb honey left long in hives.

Unripe honey: Honey not sufficiently evaporated to keep from fermenting. Unsealed brood-Brood not capped.

Virgin queen: A queen that has not mated.

Worker: An undeveloped female bee that does all the work of the colony except the laying of eggs.

Worker comb: Comb with cells, about twenty-eight to the square inch, in which worker bees are reared.