ZWINGLI                                                    2138                                            ZYGOSPORE

of Texel, Vlieland, Terschelling and Ame-land. It is from 75 to 80 miles in length, its greatest breadth being 35 or 40 miles. In the time of the Romans the Zuyder Zee was a marshy lake communicating with the North Sea by a small river, but in the latter part of the 13th century two heavy inundations took place which broke down the dikes and submerged the whole territory, except the four islands named, making it an arm of the North Sea.

Zwingli (tsvïng'lê), Ulrich, Swiss reformer, was born at Wildhaus in the canton of St. Gall on Jan. 1, 1484. After being educated at Bern and at Basel, he became pastor in Glarus in 1506. Having begun to study Greek in 1513, he devoted himself from that time to the study of the New Testament, even going so far as to learn by heart the Epistles of Paul in the original language. In 1518 he was called to Zurich, and in 1522 the Reformation was formally established in that city. " In 1524 Zwingli married, and soon after Of the True and False Religion was published. Luther and Zwingli agreed on most points, but there was a serious breach between them in regard to the real presence, of Christ in the Lord's Supper, Luther adhering to this dogma and Zwingli denying it. A conference, arranged by Philip, landgrave of Hesse, was held between them at Marburg in 1529, but after spending three

days in earnest discussion they separated without coming to any agreement on the point at issue. In 1531 open war broke out between Zurich and trie Roman Catholic cantons of Lucerne, Schwyz, Un, Unterwalaen and Zug; and Zwingli by command of the Council of Zurich, had to take the field with the banner of a canton, which had always been borne by a priest. The Zü-richers met their foes at Kappel, but were outnumbered and defeated, Zwingli being among the slain. A great bowlder, roughly squared, marks the place where he fell on Oct. 11, 1531.

Zygomorphous {zïg'ô-môr'fus) Flowers, those in which the parts of a single set are not, all alike. The term is chiefly applied to irregularity of petals. For example, in the sweet pea the petals are very much unlike. In most of the mints the five petals are so modified that two form an upper lip and three a lower lip, making the so-called bilabiate flower. The contrasting term is actinomorphic (a. v.) flowers. See Flower.

Zygospore (zïg'â-spor) (in plants), a spore formed by the union of two similar gametes, as in some of the lower Thallophytes {Spirogyra, for example). It merely is a sexual spore or oospore, but the name is convenient in indicating the nature of the gametes. The word "zygote" is sometimes used instead of zygospore.

Zyg'ote. See Zygospore.