YORK 2Ï24 YOSEMITE

YORK                                                         2Ï24                                                 YOSEMITE

ment was held at York in 1160 by Henry II and in the immediate neighborhood of the city Fairfax conquered Prince Rupert on Marston Moor during the Civil War. The city and castle, already besieged, surrendered to the parliamentary forces a few weeks after. The educational institutions are both numerous and useful. Notable among them are St. Peter's School, founded in 1557; Archbishop Holgate's free school, dating from Henry VIII; the Blue Coat School for boys and the Gray Coat School for girls; and Yorkshire School for the Blind, conducted in a palace originally built for the lord president of the council of the north. The cathedral of York Minster is one of the glories of architecture. Population 84,730.

York, Pa., county-seat of York County, on Codorus Creek, 10c miles west of Philadelphia and 52 from Baltimore. The Northern Cential, Pennsylvania and Western Maryland afford railroad facilities It manufactures safes, silk, ice-machines, paper, chains, carriages, agricultural implements, wire-cloth, turbine-wheels and other articles. York is noted for its diversified and extensive industries. In addition to public schools it contains an academy for boys, a coeducational institute and three parochial schools. The Continental Congress sat here during the British occupancy of Philadelphia (1777-8) in the Revolutionary War. Population 44-750.

York, H. R. H., Qeorge, Duke of, second son of King Edward VII of England and heir-apparent to the British throne, was born at Marlborough House, London, on June 3, 1865. With his older brother, the late Duke of Clarence, he entered the navy as a cadet in June, 1877, and spent a number of years in the service, his latest command being on H. M. S. Crescent. His royal highness has been in most parts of the world and done duty in various stations of the British fleet. In 1892 he became heir to the throne and in 1901 was created Prince of Wales. In 1893 he married Princess Victoria Mary of Teck. By her he has six children, the oldest, Prince Edward, being born in 1894. In 1901, accompanied by the duchess, the duke paid a visit of state to Australia, New Zealand and Canada, the visit to Australia being designed to commemorate the opening of the first parliament of the new

DUKE OF CORNWALL AND YORK

Australian Federation or Commonwealth. In 1908 he visited Quebec at the celebration of its fourth centenary. See Wales, Prince of.

York, a river of Virginia formed by the Pamunkey and Mattapony. flowing southeastward to Chesapeake Bay, nearly opposite Cape Charles. It is 40 miles long and from one to three wide.

York, House of, was founded by Edmund Langley, fifth son of Edward III, being made Duke of York in 1385. Richard, the third duke, claimed the throne of England in opposition to Henry VI, but never succeeded to it himself. After seeking for many years to correct the weaknesses oi Henry's government, Richard first took arms against the ill-advisers who were his personal enemies, and at length claimed the crown in Parliament as his right. A compromise was proposed that Henry should retain his crown during his life, and the duke and his heirs succeed after Henry's death. This was accepted both by Henry and by Richard, but the act was repudiated by Queen Margaret and her followers, and the duke was slain at the battle of Wakefield soon after. In little more than two months, however, Richard's son was proclaimed king in London as Edward IV, and the bloody victory of Towton soon after drove his enemies into exile and prepared the way for his coronation. Edward reigned from 1461 to 1483, when Edward V, his oldest son, after a nominal reign of two months and a half, was put aside and murdered by Richard III, his uncle. Richard then became king; but in a little more than two years was defeated and slain at Bosworth (Aug. 22, 1485) by Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, who was crowned as Henry VII. His marriage with the daughter of Edward IV (i486) united the houses of York and Lancaster. See Roses, Wars of.

York'town, Va., county-seat of York County, is on York River, ten miles from its mouth and about 60 miles from Richmond. Yorktown is noted for the surrender of Lord Cornwallis (a. v.) and his army to Washington in 1781, which was the virtual close of the Revolutionary War, and for the unsuccessful siege by General McClellan in the spring of 1862. Yorktown contains the oldest custom-house m the country, and is one of the oldest towns in the United States. Population 150.

Yosemite (yŎ-sěm'ī-íḗ), a valley in Mariposa County, Cal., on the. western side of the Sierra Nevada, about 150 miles from San Francisco, unequaled for grandeur and magnificence of scenery. It is seven or eight miles long and about a. mile wide, and is about a mile below the level of the surrounding region. Of its various waterfalls the Bridal Veil is particularly noted for beauty and also for its height, which is nearly 1,000 feet. This valley, which was first