3024. Colored Japan

3024. Colored Japan. For colored works no japan is used, but they are painted with ordinary painters' colors, ground with Unseed oil or turpentine, and mixed with anime varnish; and the work is dried in the oven in the same manner as the black japan. To protect the colors, and give brilliancy and durability to the surface, the work is afterwards varnished with copal or anime varnish, made without dryers. 2 or 3 coats of varnish suffice for ordinary works, and 5 or 6 for the best works that are polished. Very pale varnish is of course required for light colors. Ornamental devices are painted on the objects in the usual manner, after the general color of the ground has been laid on. The colors are dried in the stove, and the work is finally varnished and polished just the same as plain colors, but more carefully.

3025. Transparent Japan Varnish

3025. Transparent Japan Varnish. Oil turpentine, 8 ounces; oil lavender, 6 ounces; camphor, 1 drachm; bruised copal, 2 ounces; dissolve. Used for tin, etc.. Quick drying copal varnish is usually substituted.

3026. To Color Japan Varnish

3026. To Color Japan Varnish. The above is a transparent japan, but by the following modifications any or all of the various colors may be made from it. It is indispensable that the colors bo ground to an impalpable powder before mixing with the varnish, and should then be thoroughly ground with the varnish, otherwise it is preferable to apply the color first as a paint, and varnish afterwards with the above transparent japan. Previous to varnishing a painted surface, it should be cut down with pulverized pumice-stone, etc., as directed in No. 1486.

3027. To Color Japan Blue

3027.    To Color Japan Blue. Indigo i and Prussian blue, both finely pulverized, of each 1/2 ounce; spirits of turpentine, 1 pint. Mix well and strain. Or use verditer glazed •with Prussian blue or smalt; mix with the varnish in No. 3025.

3028. To Color Japan Red

3028.     To Color Japan Red. Ver-milion makes a fine scarlet, but its appearance in japanned work is much improved by glazing it with a thin coat of lake, or even rose pink. Or: Take spirits of turpentine, 1/2 pint; add cochineal, \ ounce; let stand 15 hours, and strain. Add to the transparent varnish (see No. 3025 (Transparent Japan Varnish)) to suit the fancy.

3029. To Color Japan Yellow

3029. To Color Japan Yellow. King's yellow, turpeth mineral (subsulphate of mercury), and Dutch pink, all form very bright yellows, and the latter is very cheap. Seed lac varnish assimilates with yellow very well; and when they are required very bright, an improvement may be effected by infusing turmeric in the varnish which covers the ground. Or: Take 1 ounce of pulverized root of curcuma and stir of it into 1 pint of the transparent varnish (see No. 3025 (Transparent Japan Varnish)) until the color pleases you; let stand a few hours, and strain.

3030. To Color Japan Green

3030. To Color Japan Green. Distilled verdigris laid on a ground of leaf gold produces the brightest of all greens; other greens may be formed by mixing King's yel-low and bright Prussian blue, or turpeth mineral and Prussian blue, or Dutch pink and verdigris. Mix with varnish. (See Nos. 3025 (Transparent Japan Varnish) and 1421.)

3031. To Color Japan Orange

3031.    To Color Japan Orange. Mix a little red with yellow until the desired color is obtained; and add to transparent japan. (See No. 3025 (Transparent Japan Varnish).)

3032. To Color Japan White

3032.    To Color Japan White. White grounds are obtained with greater difficulty than any other. One of the best is prepared by grinding up flock-white, or zinc-white, with 1/6 of its weight of starch, and drying it; it is then tempered, like the other colors, using the mastich varnish for common uses; and that of the best copal for the finest.

3033. To Color Japan Pink

3033. To Color Japan Pink. Mix sufficient red (see No. 2028 (To Harden Plaster with Sulphate of Potassa)) with transparent varnish (see No. 3025 (Transparent Japan Varnish)) to give the desired tint of pink.

3034. To Color Japan Purple

3034. To Color Japan Purple. Mix red and blue together, and add to the varnish. (See No. 3025 (Transparent Japan Varnish).)

3035. To Color Japan Violet

3035.     To Color Japan Violet. A violet japan may bo obtained by mixing purple (see No. 3034 (To Color Japan Purple)), and white (see No. 3032 (To Color Japan White)), with transparent japan (see No. 3025 (Transparent Japan Varnish).)

3036. To Color Japan Brown

3036.    To Color Japan Brown. For brown japanned works, the clear japan alone is used as the ground, or umber is mixed with the japan to give the required tint, and the work is afterwards dried in the oven, in the same manner as black japan.

3037. To Japan Old Tea-Trays

3037. To Japan Old Tea-Trays. First clean them thoroughly with soap and water and a little rotten-stone; then dry them by wiping and exposure at the fire. Now get some good copal varnish, mix with it some bronze powder, and apply with a brush to the denuded parts, after which set the tea-tray in an oven, at a heat of 212° to 300°, until the varnish is dry. Two coats will make it equal to new.