Dalziel says of Rickets:

"Pups, the offspring of an enfeebled dam yielding an insufficient supply of milk, and that of poor quality, or those that are, from any cause, ill fed and neglected or kept in close, ill-ventilated places, without a chance of fresh air and needful exercise, suffer from mis-shapen limbs, thick joints and other deformities, caused by the bones being imperfectly developed, the food, and other conditions on which the pup is reared, not yielding the constituents necessary to give them the required hardness to enable them to perform their proper functions. This state is known as rickets, and the cause being plain, the treatment is evident. Continuous in-and-in breeding is one cause of rickets.

"Do not attempt to rear a pup on a weakly, unhealthy mother, but if the breed is desired, procure for the pups a lostewnotaer of undoubted health and stamina; let the nest he in a warm, airy place, and as soon as the pups are able to leave the nest let them have plenty of room, fresh air, warmth, and sunshine, if possible, and insure thorough cleanliness of the place in which they are kept. When old enough to eat, let their diet be light, nourishing and digestible, and rickets will be avoided. In cases where rickets already exist attend to the above suggestions; let a con-. siderable portion of the diet consist of good milk, to which add a little lime water, say a tablespoonful to every quarter pint, and give in the food small doses of cod liver oil twice a day for some months."

The following is from "Notes for Novices," published in the American Stockkeeper:

"A great deal has been said and written on the subject of rickets in puppies. In a great many cases the trouble is brought on by allowing them to play and roll about at an early age on a brick floor. If it is necessary to keep puppies in a house with brick floor it should be covered over with movable boards, under which is a layer of disinfected sawdust, so as to prevent the propagation of insects.

"As an internal remedy for puppies which are rickety, nothing is much better than Parrish's Chemical Food, which contains iron and other phosphates and must improve the state of the bone system. Cod liver oil emulsion with hypophosphites is also excellent, and alternate doses of each may be given with benefit.

"The use of liniments depend on circumstances. If the leg weakness is caused by the puppy having been kept on a brick floor, as suggested, it is possible to put matters all right again by the use of liniment only. But if due to phvsical weakness, less well depend upon external application than upon internal remedies given, and general dieting and management. As a good all-round liniment there is nothing better than ordinary hartshorn and oil liniment, with a liberal allowance of turpentine."

Dent prescribes as follows:

"What is the matter with my St. Bernard puppy, six months old? He walks like a person would with rheumatism; it all seems to be in his forelegs; he followed my buggy one day and got very warm, and then got very wet. He is quite large and fleshy, weight one hundred and ten pounds? Ans. - Rickets; give him a dessertspoonful of precipitated phosphate of lime in his food three times a day! also feed him four ounces of lean beef daily, and egg shells finely broken up and mixed in with his soft food."

The following was published in Field and Fancy, in reply to request from a subscriber - written by Dr. O. V. Brumley, Professor of Canine Diseases of the College of Veterinary Department, State University of Ohio:

"What is the cause of rickets? I have two puppies that have rickets now, are quite valuable ones, and would like to save them if possible. They first commenced to show evidences of the disease about two months ago, and now one of them has peculiar enlargements around the joints on the front limbs, also on its face, which gives it a very peculiar appearance. The other one is not quite so bad yet, but seems to be getting worse all the time. Could you suggest anything that would help them?

"There has been a great many theories advanced in regard to the cause of this disease, and in many instances they do not seem to be entirely satisfactory. Among the many things that have been mentioned as» the cause of rhachitis, the following will suffice at this time: A deficiency of lime-salts as a consequence of disturbances of digestion; excessive formation of carbonic acid or lactic acid, which would dissolve the lime-salts; an alteration of the general nutritive condition on account of abnormal influences in young animals; enlargement and an increase in the number and size of blood vessels in the bone tissues, so that the lime-salts continue to circulate in the blood instead of being deposited in the bones. It might be well to mention that at the present time the exact cause of this disease is not known, but we do know, however, that rickets can be developed in the dog by deficient, improper food, by want of nitrogenous food, and especially bones, as it has been demonstrated that animals with this disease if given these articles of diet seem to improve in- a short time. This disease generally makes its appearance in young animals in the first few months of their lives, and for this reason also it is very often spoken of as hereditary. The disease seems to develop relatively in proportion to their growth; if the animal grows quickly, the disease will appear quickly, if growth is slow, the disease will come on gradually.