In the majority opinion in Hawaii v. Mankichi41 the rather surprising statement is made that grand and petit juries in criminal proceedings "are not fundamental in their nature, but concern merely a method of procedure" and that, therefore, these two in-stitutions were not to be construed as necessarily introduced into the islands by the resolution of Congress of July 7, 1898, recognizing the islands "as a part of the territory of the United States and subject to the sovereign dominion thereof," and continuing in force the municipal legislation of such islands not inconsistent with such resolution, "nor contrary to the Constitution of the United States." 42