It was held that the right of jury trial necessarily applied within the District of Columbia and the Territories.21 As to this the court say that this right " was demanded and secured for the benefit of all the people of the United States, as well those permanently or temporarily residing in the District of Columbia as those residing in the several States. There is nothing in the history of the Constitution or of the original amendments, to justify the assertion that the people of this District may be lawfully deprived of the benefit of any of the constitutional guarantees of life, liberty, and property - especially of the privilege of trial by jury in criminal cases."