The offense of seduction is generally established by proof of circumstances, such as courtship for a length of time,113 previous familiarities, correspondence, propositions of affection, conversations about marriage and the like.114

107 People vs. Nelson, 153 N. Y., 90.

108 State vs. Keller, 102 Ga., 506;

Flick vs. Com., 97 Va., 766; People vs. De Fore, 64 Mich., 693. 109 Anderson vs. State, 39 Tex. Cr., 83; Bracken vs. State, 111 Ala., 68; State vs. Gunagy, 84 Iowa, 183; Lewis vs. People, 37 Mich., 518; Hughes Cr. Law, Sec. 2149.

110 Mrous vs. State, 31 Tex. Cr., 597.

111 State vs. Brandenburg, 118

Mo., 185; People vs. Hough, 120 Cal., 538; Hughes Cr. Law, Sec. 2131. 112 State vs. Whalen, 98 Iowa, 662; State vs. Bauerkemper, 95 Iowa, 562; Contra, State vs. O'Keefe, 141 Mo., 271; Smith vs. State, 107 Ala., 139.

Other acts of carnal connection between the female and the accused since the alleged seduction may be shown in evidence.115

It is competent to show that the female had carnal connection with the accused before the promise of marriage as tending to prove that she did not rely upon the promise of marriage.116