2245. Cement for Cloth, Leather, or Belting

2245.    Cement for Cloth, Leather, or Belting. Take ale, 1 pint; best Russia isinglass, 2 ounces; put them into a common glue kettle and boil until the isinglass is dissolved ; then add 4 ounces best glue, and dissolve it with the other; then slowly add 11/2 ounces boiled linseed oil, stirring all the time while adding and until well mixed. When cold it will resemble India rubber. To use this, dissolve what is needed in a suitable quantity of ale to the consistence of thick glue. It is applicable for leather, for harness, bands for machinery, cloth belts for cracker machines for bakers, etc., etc.. If for leather, shave off as if for sewing, apply the cement with a brush while hot, laying a weight to keep each joint firmly for 6 to 10 hours, or over night.

2246. Cement for Leather Belting

2246.    Cement for Leather Belting. Take of common glue and American isinglass, equal parts; place them in a glue-pot and add water sufficient to just cover the whole. Let it soak 10 hours, then bring the whole to a boiling heat, and add pure tannin until the whole becomes ropey or appears like the white of eggs. Apply it warm. Buff the grain off the leather where it is to be cemented; rub the joint surfaces solidly together, let it dry a few hours, and it is ready for use; and, if properly put together, it will not need riveting, as the cement is nearly of the same nature as the leather itself. "We know of no cement better either for emery wheels or emery belts than the best glue. In an experience of fifteen years we never found anything superior.

2247. Gutta-Percha Cement

2247.     Gutta-Percha Cement. This highly recommended cement is made by melting together, in an iron pan, 2 parts common pitch and 1 part gutta-percha, stirring them well together until thoroughly incorporated, and then pouring the liquid into cold water. When cold it is black, solid, and elastic; but it softens with heat, and at 100° Fahr. is a thin fluid. It may be used as a soft paste, or in the liquid state, and answers an excellent purpose in cementing metal, glass, porcelain, ivory, etc.. It may be used instead of putty for glazing windows.

2248. To Dissolve India Rubber for Cement, etc.

2248.    To Dissolve India Rubber for Cement, etc.. India rubber dissolves readily in rectified sulphuric ether, which has been washed with water to remove alcohol and acidity; also in chloroform. These make odorless solutions, but are too expensive for general use. The gum dissolves easily in bisulphuret of carbon; or a mixture of 94 parts bisulphuret of carbon and 6 parts absolute alcohol; also in caoutchoucine. (See No. 2249 (Caoutchoucine).) These dissolve the gum rapidly in the cold, and leave it unaltered on evaporation; they have a disagreeable odor, but they leave the India rubber in better condition than most other solvents. Oil of turpentine, rendered pyrogenous by absorbing it with bricks of porous ware, and distilling it without water, and treating the product in the same way, is also used for this purpose. It is stated that the solution on evaporation does not leave the caoutchouc in a sticky state. Another method is to agitate oil of turpentine repeatedly with a mixture of equal weights of sulphuric acid and water; and afterwards expose it to the sun for some time. Benzole, rectified mineral or coal tar naphtha, and oil of turpentine reduce the gum slowly by long digestion and trituration, with heat, forming a glutinous jelly which dries slowly, and leaves the gum, when dry, very much reduced in hardness and elasticity. The fats and fixed oils combine readily with India rubber by boiling, forming a permanently glutinous paste. (See No. 2947 (Solvents for India-Rubber and Gutta-Percha to Make Flexible Varnish).) India rubber is rendered more readily soluble by first digesting it with a solution of carbonate of soda, or water of ammonia.