Falloppio, Or Fallopius, Gabriello, an Italian anatomist, born in Modena about 1523, died in 1562. He was one of the three naturalists who, according to Cuvier, contributed to the revival of the study of anatomy in the 16th century, the other two being Vesalius and Eustachi. He was a pupil of Vesalius, and. after travelling through Europe was for a time professor of anatomy at Ferrara, and afterward for several years at Pisa. In 1551 he was appointed professor of anatomy and surgery at Padua, where he also devoted himself to the study of botany, and became director of the botanical garden. He published in 1561 his principal work, Observationes Anatomicoe, which was one of the best anatomical treatises of his century, and has been several times reprinted. He gave an exact description of the structure of the ear, one of the canals of which still bears his name. He also first indicated the use of the two ducts extending' from the ovaria to the womb on each side of the fundus, which are called from him Fallopian tubes.

After a short but brilliant career, in which he became distinguished as a professor, botanist, and surgeon, as well as anatomist, he died and left his chair to Fabricius, his pupil.