Benoit Fourneyron, a French inventor, born in St. Etienne, Oct. 31, 1802, died in Paris, July 8, 1867. He was educated at the school of mines in his native city, and upon leaving it in 1819 was employed in the mines of Creuzot, and invented the turbine. His first turbine was exhibited with complete success at Inval, near Gisors, in 1834, and the prize of 6,000 francs, which had for nine years remained unawarded, was bestowed upon him by the academy of sciences. His proposal to establish several of these machines in the Seine at Paris, for the purpose of supplying every part of the city with water, as well as of filling the ditches which surround the fortifications, was commended by Arago. He published Memoires sur les turbines hydrauliques, et leur application en grand dans les usines et manufactures (Liege, 1841), and a Table pour fa-ciliter les calculs des for mules relatives au mouvement des eaux dans les tuyaux de con-duite (Liege, 1844).