ought to have this ought to have that ought to have none ought to have now ought to have shown

ought to have information ought to have been ought to have become ought to have found ought to have information

486. It, which and such, in the first position, with the v hook attached, may be used to represent respectively, it ought to have, which ought to have, and such ought to have;

thus: it ought to have

which ought to have

such ought to have

In these cases ought is neither written nor indicated, unless we may regard it as being indicated by the mere position of the hooked stroke. (It will be observed that it ought to have is in the Benn Pitman system written in precisely the same way as ought to have. In the-Graham system, the latter phrase is written by adding to the ordinary sign for ought the v hook.)

487. These three signs are recommended by both Graham and Benn Pitman, and though somewhat anomalous, they afford when well learned a convenient means of writing three very common and useful phrases.