This section is from the book "Elementary Principles Carpentry", by Thomas Tredgold. Also available from Amazon: Elementary Principles Of Carpentry.
Length of bearing in feet. | Depth 10 in. | Depth 11 in. | Depth 12 in. | Depth 13 in. | Depth 14 in. | Depth 15 in. | Depth 16 in. | Depth 17 in. | Depth 18 in. |
breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | |
10 | 7 1/2 | 5 1/2 | 4 | 3 1/2 | 2 3/4 | 2 1/4 | 12 | 1 1/2 | 1 1/4 |
11 | 9 | 6 3/4 | 5 | 4 1/4 | 3 1/4 | 2 3/4 | 2 1/4 | 2 | 1 3/4 |
12 | 10 1/2 | 8 | 52 | 5 | 3 3/4 | 3 1/4 | 2 3/4 | 2 1/4 | 2 |
13 | 12 1/2 | 9 1/2 | 6 3/4 | 5 3/4 | 4 1/2 | 3 3/4 | 3 | 2 1/2 | 2 1/4 |
14 | 14 1/2 | 10 3/4 | 7 3/4 | 6 3/4 | 5 1/4 | 4 1/2 | 3 1/2 | 3 | 2 1/2 |
15 | 16 1/2 | 12 1/2 | 9 | 7 3/4 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 1/2 | 3 |
16 | 18 3/4 | 14 | 10 1/4 | 8 3/4 | 7 | 5 3/4 | 4 3/4 | 4 | 3 1/4 |
17 | _______ | 16 | 11 1/2 | 9 3/4 | 8 | 6 1/4 | 5 1/4 | 4 1/2 | 3 3/4 |
18 | .. | 17 3/4 | 13 | 11 | 8 3/4 | 7 1/4 | 6 | 5 | 4 |
19 | .. | 19 3/4 | 14 1/2 | 12 | 9 3/4 | 8 | 6 1/2 | 5 1/2 | 4 3/4 |
20 | .. | _______ | 16 | 13 1/2 | 10 3/4 | 9 | 7 1/4 | 6 | 5 1/4 |
21 | ... | .. | 17 1/2 | 15 | 12 | 9 3/4 | 8 | 6 3/4 | 5 3/4 |
22 | ... | .. | 19 1/2 | 16 1/2 | 13 | 10 3/4 | 8 3/4 | 7 1/2 | 6 1/4 |
23 | ... | ... | ___ | 18 | 14 1/4 | 11 1/2 | 9 1/2 | 8 | 6 3/4 |
24 | .. | ... | .. | 19 1/2 | 15 1/2 | 12 3/4 | 10 1/2 | 82 | 7 1/2 |
25 | 16 3/4 | 13 3/4 | 11 1/4 | 9 1/2 | 8 | ||||
26 | Depth 19 in. | Depth 20 in. | Depth 21 in. | 18 1/4 | 15 | 12 1/4 | 10 1/4 | 8 1/2 | |
27 | 19 3/4 | 16 | 13 | 11 | 9 1/4 | ||||
28 | Breadth, inches. | Breadth, inches. | Breadth, inches. | ___ | 17 1/4 | 14 1/4 | 11 3/4 | 10 | |
29 | 18 1/2 | 15 1/4 | 12 3/4 | 10 3/4 | |||||
30 | 9 3/4 | 8 1/2 | 7 1/2 | 19 3/4 | 16 1/4 | 13 1/2 | 11 1/2 | ||
31 | 10 1/4 | 9. | 7 3/4 | 17 1/4 | 14 1/2 | 12 1/4 | |||
32 | 11 | 9 1/2 | 8 1/4 | 18 1/2 | 15 1/2 | 13 | |||
33 | 11 3/4 | 10 | 8 3/4 | 19 3/4 | 16 1/2 | 14 | |||
34 | 12 1/2 | 10 3/4 | 9 1/2 | 17 1/2 | 14 3/4 | ||||
35 | 13 1/4 | 11 1/2 | 10 | 18 1/2 | 15 3/4 | ||||
36 | 14 | 12 | 10 1/2 | 19 1/2 | 16 1/2 |
Example. - The scantling for a girder of 20 feet bearing may be 16 inches in breadth and 12 inches deep; or the breadth may be 13* inches, and the depth 13 inches, and so on; but where there is space to admit of a deep girder it requires 1ess timber.
This Table is calculated by the equation 74l2/d3 = b; where l is the length in feet, and b and d the breadth and depth in inches. The bearing is the distance between the centres of the supporting wall-plates; and the scantlings the least that will answer the purpose.
* Pinus sylxestris, see Art. 515.
length of bearing in feet. | Depth 6 in. | Depth 7 in. | Depth 8 in. | Depth 9 in. | Depth 10 in. | Depth 11 in. | Depth 12 in. | Length of bearing in feet. |
breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | breadth, inches. | ||
5 | 4f | 3 | 2 | 5 | ||||
6 | 6 3/4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 6 | |||
7 | ________ | 5 1/2 | 4 | 2 3/4 | 2 | 7 | ||
8 | .. | 7 | 5 1/4 | 3 3/4 | 2 3/4 | 2 | 8 | |
9 | .. | ______ | 6 1/2 | 4 1/2 | 3 1/2 | 2 1/2 | 9 | |
10 | .. | .. | 8 | 5 1/2 | 4 | 3 | 2 1/2 | 10 |
11 | Depth 13 in. | Depth 14 in. | Depth 15 in. | 6 3/4 | 5 | 3 3/4 | 3 | 11 |
12 | 8 | 6 | 4 1/2 | 3 1/2 | 12 | |||
13 | Breadth, inches. | Breadth, inches. | Breadth, inches. | ______ | 7 | 5 1/4 | 4 | 13 |
14 | 8 | 5 3/4 | 4 1/2 | 14 | ||||
15 | 4 | 3 1/2 | 2 3/4 | 9 | 6 3/4 | 5 1/4 | 15 | |
16 | 4 1/2 | 3 3/4 | 3 1/4 | 10 1/4 | 7 3/4 | 6 | 16 | |
17 | 5 1/4 | 4 1/2 | 3 1/2 | _______ | 8 3/4 | 6 3/4 | 17 | |
18 | 5 3/4 | 4 3/4 | 4 | 10 | 7 1/2 | 18 | ||
19 | 6 1/2 | 5 1/2 | 4 1/4 | 8 1/4 | 19 | |||
20 | 7 1/4 | 6 | 4 3/4 | 9 1/2 | 20 |
Example. - If it be required to find the scantling for a binding joist for a 10 feet bearing, assume 9 inches to be the depth suited to the floor; then, opposite 10 feet, in one of the side columns, and under 9 inches at the head of one of the middle columns, we find 5 1/2 inches, the breadth required. If 8 inches had been fixed upon for the depth, it would have required 8 inches in breadth to be equally as stiff as one 9 by 5 1/2. If the bearing be 19 feet, and 13 inches should be of convenient depth, then opposite 19 in the side columns, and under depth 13 inches, we find 6 1/2 inches, the breadth required.
This Table is calculated by the rule 402 /d3= b; where l is the length in feet; and d the depth, and 6 the breadth, each in inches.
 
Continue to: