This section is from the book "American Plumbing Practice", by The Engineering Record. Also available from Amazon: Plumbing: A working manual of American plumbing practice.
Boston, May 20, 1886.
Sir: As a subscriber of your valuable paper, I would like to inquire through the columns of the same the cause of the water at my house (in Sharon, Mass.) coming from the faucet in a milky form or appearance, It comes from the regular town water-works, and has recently been put in, and I know of no other on the street that has this trouble. I wish to know if it would be considered objectionable for drinking or domestic purposes? Any explanation of the above would be thankfully received through the columns of your paper. Very respectfully yours,
C. T. Deery.
[The milky appearance is probably due to confined air in the water under the pressure in the pipes which escapes when the water runs from the faucet. It doubtless becomes clear after it has stood in a vessel a moment. Under these circumstances it is not objectionable for drinking or domestic purposes] the height of a column of water in the hot-water pipe at a mean temperature, say 2000 Fahr., that will have the pressure necessary to balance a 60-foot column at 40 degrees. Then as the expansion of water from 40 to 200 is equal to an increase of its bulk of o 0386 (without increasing its weight), we have 60' X 0.038+60-60 = 62.31 feet as the height of the warmed column.
 
Continue to: