The maxillary-arteries. The external artery, also called the genial and angular artery, is a branch from the external carotid. It runs to the basis of the lower jaw, close to the attachment of the masseter, and gives a branch to the maxillary gland. Passing over the lower jaw, it goes upon the buccinator, gives a branch to the lower lip, which anastomoses with that on the other side, and is continued to the upper lip, where it also anastomoses: there they are called labial arteries. The external maxillary then gives off branches to the nose, goes to the inner canthus of the eye, is lost upon the forehead, communicating, in that part, with the temporal artery.

The internal maxillary artery is a branch from the external carotid, rising at the origin of the temporal, and distributed to both the jaws: it is very much convoluted, and gives branches to the deep seated parts; one branch runs through the lower jaw, called the inferior maxillary artery; but the main trunk runs up to the foramen, lacerum inferius, at the bottom of the orbit, winds round the antrum, and sinks into the nose behind the upper maxillary bone, and before the pterygoid process of the os sphenoides, to be lost on the inside of the nose.