In the real phlegmasiae the bark is seldom admissible. Erythema and the erythemalatous inflammations must be excepted, and these ought to be separated from the others. Gangrenous sore throat, for instance, has not the slightest connection with quinsy, but in the part affected. An exception of importance occurs in those plegmasiae which periodically recur; yet in these the fever appears to be the radical disease, and inflammation only a symptom. It is on this foundation only that bark has been rationally employed in rheumatism or gout. Dr. Haygarth has lately offered some evidence in its favour in relieving the former disease. Yet, on a careful comparison of his facts, we think that at least equally strong evidence might be afforded for the success of more than one other plan. His authority is, however, sufficient to recommend this medicine for further trial; but of it we have had little experience.

In gout, its latest advocate has been Dr. Tavares, the archiater of Portugal. After purging, he advises it in large and frequently repeated doses.

Exanthemata are often relieved by this remedy. Erysipelas in warmer regions, and in crowded cities, often requires it; and though late experience by no means finds it eminently useful in the plague, as theory supposed it must be, yet there is little doubt of its utility in this disease. Small pox, advancing slowly, and the confluent kind maturating imperfectly, are greatly benefited by bark; but the peripneumonic tendency of measles, unless of a putrid kind, forbids its use. In aphtha:, except when symptoms of putridity come on, this remedy-is not required; and as scarlatina is often attended with a putrid sore throat, bark is usually given. Of its utility in this disease, however, while the great heat continues, we have some doubts; but this is not the place for their discussion. The putrid forms of miliaria, of which we hear the report only - for we do not recollect this species of the disease to have been described in any English author - will certainly require bark; while the remitting forms of the fever attending pemphigus and urticaria seem equally to demand its assistance.

In Haemorrhagiae, bark has been often given; but, in almost every instance, with disadvantage, except in the putrid dissolution of the blood, sometimes attending fevers, though occasionally occurring without any evident cause. Even in haemorrhages from debility, we think that greater benefit has been derived from nitre, though the bark is sometimes necessary.

The two genera of profluvia occasionally require this remedy, viz. the epidemic catarrh, and some of the stages of dysentery; but, in the latter, it is very seldom useful. In other discharges without fever, it is an useful remedy in supporting the strength, and in meliorating the suppuration from abscesses.

In the neuroses, bark has been deservedly a favourite remedy. In apoplexy and palsy, while the vessels are distended, this remedy is inadmissible; but when the tension is removed, it is of the highest importance. In tremor, as we have observed, tonics are valuable remedies, if no organic affection occasions the complaint. In the adynamiae it is chiefly adapted to dyspepsia and chlorosis, though injurious in hypochondriasis and in syncope, a very few cases excepted, where the disease arises from excessive evacuations. In the more violent spasms it is a remedy of too slow operation; though, when joined with valerian, it has been found useful in both epilepsy, hysteria, raphania, and the intervals of true spasmodic asthma. In pertussis it has been commended, but we suspect it to be of little real utility. Palpitatio generally attends debility, but it is in that case scarcely a disease. It most commonly arises from a topical affection of the heart and larger arteries immediately connected with that organ, or from a source generally unsuspected, accumulations in the stomach and bowels, or plethora; and in these cases bark is inadmissible. In dyspnoea, pyrosis, colica, cholera, hydrophobia, and diarrhoea, it is usually injurious. In diabetes, of slight and doubtful efficacy. In all the spasms, recurring at regular intervals, it is a remedy of the highest value.

In the vesaniae, some species of amentia from debility excepted, it is admissible; and, indeed, in the marcores and intumescentiae, the two first order of cachexiae, it is scarcely ever advantageous; for, however the diseases under the former order appear to be connected with debility, they are either attended with hectic fever, or such obstructions as are rendered more obstinate by this remedy. In rachitis it is sometimes given, but seldom with advantage. Of the impetigines, the only genus in which it is employed, or in which any success has attended its use, is scrofula; But on this subject we must afterwards enlarge. In some cases of syphilis, where the bubos do not advance, or where the discharge from them is thin and acrid, the bark has been highly commended.

In the class locales, the order of apocenoses, "excessive evacuations," contain the only group of diseases in which the bark is useful; but in these we find that plethora or irritation often occasions the discharges, and the only effectual remedies are of a different kind. In these, and in the diseases of some other orders, where debility is the cause, the bark may be employed; and, indeed, it is constantly used, though not always with success.

As an antiseptic the bark has been highly commended; and in gangrenes, as well as in every case where the fluids are putrescent, it has been chiefly depended on. It, indeed, sometimes fails in the former case, where great irritation is the cause, or an attendant symptom; but, in general, it is highly useful, though modern surgeons depend less on it than their predecessors. In these instances it acts, however, as a tonic only. As such, it promotes the suppuration of the mortified part, and when it appears to meliorate in a slight degree the discharge, its chief efficacy is by accelerating the separation.