Suspension of the heart's action is to be met at once by the withdrawal of the vapor, and the inversion of the patient, according to the method of Nélaton; failure of respiration, by forcibly drawing out the tongue, by the practice of artificial respiration, and by faradization of the respiratory muscles. Artificial warmth should be applied, and cooling of the body by cold-water douche, etc., should be prohibited. Acupuncture of the heart, galvano-puncture, injection of ammonia into the veins, are measures which have been used in extreme cases, but unfortunately rarely with success. Amyl nitrite, by inhalation or subcutaneously, has proved very useful in some cases. Schirmer arouses patients by irritating the nasal mucous membrane by means of a roll of paper of suitable size, and this may be made more exciting by dipping the end in aqua ammonia. Alcoholic stimulants—whisky or brandy—have often been used hypodermatically with asserted advantage. At the present time the subcutaneous injection of ether is the popular expedient. It is, however, very questionable whether the administration of alcohol or one of its derivatives can be useful in a condition of things brought about by an anaesthetic of alcoholic origin. The author believes, in-deed, that serious mischief is done by this practice in cases capable of resuscitation.

In practicing resuscitation for arrest of breathing due to ether, artificial respiration by the method of Silvester, faradization of the chest-muscles, and inversion of the body by the method of Nélaton, are the most promising expedients.