A RRallt well-flavored wine can only be obtained from grapes at a point of perfect ripeness. In countries where the vintage begins everywhere on the same day, much wine is necessarily pressed from the unripe or over-ripe fruits. Tokay is extracted from grapes which have been not only allowed to get over-ripe, but partially to dry upon the vines. When the grapes are allowed to dry on the vines, the wine is called dry wine; when they are dried oh straw, straw wine; when, the juice is evaporated by heat, boiled wine; cane-sugar, beet-root, or potato syrup, is introduced; nor can the admixture be afterwards detected. Raisin juice often enriches the poorer German's bottle, in which fermentation is rarely produced; chalk extracts the free acids. Professor Mulder tells us, the custom formerly prevailed in France of allowing a working-man to go into the vat, the temperature of his body promoting fermentation; individuals were thus killed by the carbonic acid.

Parrots are known to love wine; it makes them very jolly and talkative. Pliny mentions this: "She loveth wine well, and when she hath drunk freely, is very pleasant, playful, and wanton." It is a question whether birds do not, in some degree, at least, understand what has been taught them. When dinner was brought up in the presence of a parrot, she was in the habit of crying: "Bring Polly's sop," till something from the table was given to it. If a bottle of ale or wine was brought in, it would say: "Waiter ! waiter 1 a bottle of wine, and a cigar." The bird would shuffle after a dog, crying: "I'm coming ! I'm coming !" The aptness with which it applied the words to the object, confirmed the impression of her understanding their import.

By the spread of education - real education of the mind and manners of man many facilities of enjoyment are given at a cheap cost, within reach of multitudes. By this means, the book of nature is laid open before him, and he is enabled, with a little self-control and perseverance, to taste some of those innocent pleasures which give double value to the green fields and fresh air of his holiday. Some knowledge of the birds and flowers is within reach of the humblest observer who can win some minutes from toil and trouble to breathe the air of freedom.

" We have," says the London Chronicle, " from Mr. Rivers, specimens of the true old Golden Pippin, gathered from a tree eighty years old, planted by his grandfather. They have the same delicious smack that gave the sort so great a reputation. The young trees grafted from the old stock are more healthy than they have been for many a long year; nor, indeed, have they for some years been so subject to canker as they used to.be thirty or forty years ago. We cannot but wonder that those who place fruit-trees on a level with the supplemental noses of the great Taliacotius, should not have remarked that the so-called wearing-out of races is unknown in the warm climates of continental Europe".

At the late fair at Stockton, California, among the prizes offered was a $50 dress to the unmarried lady who made the best loaf of bread.

A fruitful source of injury to many plants in greenhouses, is allowing them to stand on a damp medium, which often clogs up the drainage, and injures the foliage by a miasmati-cal vapor that frequently rises about them, especially when the house is shut up.

In a grapery, if you have the space, it is not a bad practice to have two Tines to each rafter. Allow one of these to bear as much as it will, and, when exhausted, remove it; cut the other down in the winter pruning, and take only a little fruit from it for two or three years, in the usual manner.

Plants of Dielytra spectabilis raised from seeds, are much more prolific of flowers than from cuttings.

There is no plant that would appreciate the use of liquid manure during the rest period. It has been given, for experiment's sake, to Justicias, Veronicas, etc, under pot culture, and to apple-trees and gooseberry bushes, in the open ground, while in a dormant state; but in no case has the result been in favor of its use.

Ransoms' artificial atone has attained considerable celebrity in England. Professors Henry Faraday, Hunt, and Garrod, Sir Henry do La Beche, Mr. Phillips, the geologist, and many other eminent scientific men, hare described it as one of the most useful inventions of the age, not merely for garden decoration, but for the manufacture of mill-stones, filters, and for all architectural and building purposes for which stone would otherwise be employed. It is much used for garden ornaments, which are beautiful and cheap.

Some readers will doubt when we tell them that fine white candles, of the best quality, are made from the peat of the Irish bogs, and yet it is true. The average thickness of this peat is twenty-are feet, nowhere less than twelve, and never exceeding forty-two. The chemist converts it to paraffine, and this is an admirable substance for making candles. These former fuel mines are estimated to extend over 2,900,000 acres, and, by this process, the land will become tillable. We have seen the candles in Philadelphia; they rival the best wax-lights in brilliancy of combustion.

The revenue from perfumes equals 200,000 dollars a year in England, So enormous is the consumption, that flower farms are now established; they exist both in Europe and Asia, and another is to be established in Australia, England has her flower farm at Mitchum, in Surrey, where lavender and peppermint flourish unrivalled. Roses are also cultivated there, merely for the purpose of making rose-water.

In the preparation of some wines, the skins and stones, and, in some cases, the stalks, are allowed to ferment with the juice, the purple and white skins yielding tannic acid, while only in the former does any coloring matter exist. A considerable quantity of white wax may be obtained from grape-skins by means of boiling alcohol. The stones are remarkable as containing a considerable quantity both of tannic acid and a fatty oil, the amount of which. Ray reckons at more than ten millions of pounds weight, annually, for France alone. He considers it as well suited for food as for burning. Bender, of Cob-lenU, convinced himself that it was not worth the expense of pressing, Zeimer found it disagreeable to smell and taste; but it has been suggested by others to roast grape-stones, and use them instead of coffee. The stalks have a sharp, astringent flavor, and if treated with water and salt of oxide of iron, yield tannic acid.

Certain tribes of mosses take possession of the scanty soil formed by lichens, and more rapidly increase its amount; while others, of aquatic habits, convert shallow pools into quaking bogs, and create, in time, vast accumulations of vegetable matter, in the form of peat, These are truly servi, as Linnaeus termed them - servants to the nobler plants which soon succeed them. For then come the ferns, the colonists, after lichens have furnished them & foothold on the rocks, or mosses given them one in the spongy and unstable morass; these are the precursors of grasses, rashes, and other plants of more immediate importance to man and the higher animals, but which never would come to perfection if left, like their humble but indispensable predecessors, to draw an unaided subsistence directly from the inorganic world. It is thus that the bare earth is at length enabled to support the sturdy forest, or the rich field of waving grain.

As you ramble through the corn-fields, and see the shadows running over them, remember that every cloud which floats in the blue deep, retards the vital activity of every plant on which its shadows fall. "Look on all flowers, fruits, and leaves," says Blumen, "as air-woven children of the light. Far away biases that great centre of force, the sun, which spans those millions upon millions of miles, and brings us and the sun together. From it issues the mystic influence, striking the electric chain wherewith we're darkly bound. For myriads and myriads of years has this radiation of force gone on; and now stored up force lies quiescent in coal fields of vast extent, once all pure sunlight, hurrying through the silent air, passing into primeval forests before man was made, and now lying black, quiet, slumbering, but ready to wake into blazing activity at the bidding of human skill. From light the coal-fields came; to light they return. From light come the prairies and meadow-lands, the heathery moors, the reedy swamps, the solemn forests, and the smiling corn-flelds, orchards, gardens; all are air-woven children of light.

Now we understand why men are sickly and stunted who live in narrow streets, alleys, and cellars, compared with those who, under similar conditions of poverty and dirt, live in the sunlight. In bright sunlight, as much as one-fifth more carbonic acid is expired than in feeble light. And have not all farmers and cattle breeders unconsciously paid tribute to this prlnciple, by keeping their animals in the dark to fatten them?"

Notwithstanding the variety in the quantity of sensible moisture present on different days, in the Eastern States, the average of this condition is very low, no forms of vegetation indicating its abundance. Forests are free from mosses, except at the elevated points, and for the Central States, the forms of succulent vegetation are very much restricted, the grasses and other things giving evidence of aridity as the distinguishing feature, and failing to cover the surface with a constant growth. The limit of this permanence of the English grasses without cultivation, is about the 40th parallel; and soon after leaving Philadelphia southward, they become sensitive to the aridity of summer, and require careful cultivation. South of the 38th parallel, they are difficult to possess under any circumstances.

-----A curious bet was made, a hundred years ago, between Lords Rockingham and Orford, for five hundred guineas, as to whether five turkeys or five geese would in the shortest time perform a journey from Norwich to London. The result indicated Lord Orford's sagacity, for, though at first the turkeys had it all their own way, the geese waddled past them at night, while they were lazily roosting in the trees, beside the hedgerow. There is a moral in this which the reader will readily apply.