Clematises often suffer to such an extent, from granulated roots, that it is next to impossible to keep them living long. The appearance is exactly similar to that produced on the grape by the Phylloxera, but it is the gall of a differerent insect, though the injurious results are the same. Besides this a borer attacks some species, working near the ground, as in the apple or quince. Then there is a sudden taking off by a fungus which works near the ground, girdling the plant, and causing death in a day or two - the whole plant going off as if struck by lightning. It is a pity that so many beautiful plants have such powerful enemies.