Chamaemelum

(small apple, suggested by the odor of the flowers). Compositae. Under this name one plant is offered. The genus is by many included in Anthemis, however, the sub-group being distinguished by very short or absent pappus, sometimes making a 1-sided border, ray-flowers fertile, and other minor characters. C. caucasicum, Boiss. (Pyrethrum caucasicum, Bieb.), is listed, with white daisy-like flowers about the size of a marguerite, of trailing habit, very free-flowering, recommended for the rockery: perennial, 1-1 1/2 ft., smooth, not strong-scented: stem ascending from a rhizome or procumbent or sub-erect: leaves oblong, pinnatisect, the segments, cut into linear-subulate parts: flower-heads large, terminal; involucre-scales oblong-obtuse, margined. High mts. in the Caucasus; variable.

Chameaepeuce

: Carduus. L H B

Chamaeranthemum

(dwarf and flower, from the Greek). Acanthdceae. Three or 4 Brazilian small herbs, allied to Eranthemum, but readily distinguished by the 4 (instead of 2) stamens. Leaves large and membranaceous, entire, variously marked: flowers showy, white or yellow, in bracteate clusters. - Grown chiefly for the beautiful foliage; greenhouse subjects. C. igneum, Regel (Eranthemum igneum, Lind.), is in the American trade. It is a low spreading warmhouse plant (cult, of Eranthemum and Justicia), with dark green leaves, with the veins and sometimes the margins richly banded with orange or yellow: flowers small. F.S. 17:1722.

N. Taylor.†

Chamomile

: Anthemis.

Chaptalia

(J. A. C. Chaptal, 1756-1831, agricultural chemist). Compositse. Low perennial herbs, with white or purplish flowers on naked scapes, blooming in spring and summer: heads radiate, the ray-flowers pistillate, and the disk-As. perfect, but some or all of them sterile; involucre campanulate or turbinate, of appressed and imbricated bracts; pappus of soft capillary bristles: achenes oblong or fusiform, narrowed above, 5-nerved. -Twenty-five American species. The only species in the American trade is C. tomentosa, Vent. (Thyrsdn-thema semiflosculare, Kuntze), of N. C. and south. Of this the scape is 1 ft. or less high, and the heads are purple-rayed: leaves oblong or oblanceolate, more or less remotely denticulate, rather thick, white-tomentose beneath. Intro, as a border plant. B. M. 2257. n. Taylor.†

Charlock

: Brassica; also Raphanus.

Charlwoddia

: Cordyline.

Chaste Tree

: Vitex.

Chavica

Chavica, kept distinct in part by recent authors, is accounted for under Piper.

Cheat, Or Chess

: Bromus.

Checkerberry

: Gaultheria.

Cheeses

: Vernacular for Malva rotundifolia.

Chelidonium

(Greek for the swallow: the flowers appear when the swallow comes). Papaveraceae. Celandine Poppy. One or two loose-growing herbs, sometimes seen in old gardens. Plant with flower-buds nodding, and small yellow flowers in small umbel-like clusters; sepals 2; petals 4; stamens 16-24; style very short, the stigma 2-lobed: pod slender, 2-valved, opening first at the bottom. C. majus, Linn., is a European plant, now run wild in waste places, and often seen in old gardens. It is biennial or perennial, with brittle hairy stems and pinnately-parted leaves, the lobes rounded and toothed (or, in variety laciniatum again dissected). The plant has bright orange juice which has been used for removing warts. Herb an old-time remedy, used for its cathartic and diuretic properties, for promoting perspiration, and as an expectorant. Leaves fight glaucous underneath. L. H. B