We have already noticed the attempts of individuals and associations to equalize distribution by carrying charity and education to those who need help. We may now examine briefly some ambitious attempts to secure for various classes, particularly for workers, a larger share of the social income by securing for them a portion of the shares that usually go to other factors of production.

Cooperation in retailing, particularly in foodstuffs, has had some success in this country, though to a much less extent than in England. The chief aim of cooperative enterprises is to eliminate the enterpriser, and thus to divide the profits which would ordinarily go to him among the members of the enterprise.

Even among the higher income groups, attempts are often made by individuals associated together to increase their incomes in the same way. Cooperative dairying, cooperative grain-buying, and mutual fire insurance organizations are examples.