Studs that have be come so corroded in their holes that, they are liable to break off, should be well warmed by a red hot washer; because the strength of the stud increases by being heated up to about 4000 Fahr., and therefore studs which readily twist off when cold will unscrew when heated to about that temperature. Nuts upon Standing holts of studs, in the smoke-boxes of locomotives, or in similar positions, which have becomc so corroded as to endanger twist ing o|T, should be cut, through on one side with a cape or cross cut chisel, thus saving the stud at the expense of the nut. The split must be cut from the end face of the nut to the bedding lace.

Brasses, Bedding down. In bedding down brasses or journal-boxes of any description, the following plan should he employed to gauge how much requires to be chipped or tiled away from any part or parts of the bed of the brass to enable it to bed to its seat all over: Take ordinary red marking (which should be composed of Venetian-red and common oil, mixed to the consistence of a thick paint), and paint over the whole bed into which brass is to be fitted. Then take some putty (mixed stiffly), and rolling it into pellets about the size of a large pea, place them here and there upon the painted surface. Then drive the brass home, and drive it out again, when it will be found that the thickness to which the pellets have been smashed by the bottom of the brass registers to the greatest possible exactitude how near the bottom, of the brass comes to the bed of the bottom of the bearing, indicating precisely the amount to be chipped and filed off the bottom of the brass to bed it. It is better, however, to be careful not to take too much off at first, and to repeat the process with the pellets. It must be borne in mind carefully to replace the old pellets with new ones at each trial, otherwise you will be misled. The object of painting the bottom of the box with red marking, before placing the pellets, is to cause the latter to stick to the box and not to the brass, and to prevent them from falling out when the box is turned upside down to drive the brass out. This is the only practical method of ascertaining how much to take off a brass to bed it, and will be found an easily applied and almost invaluable assistance.