Waterproof

Flour of sulphur, 1 lb.; Linseed-oil, 1 gal.; boil them until they are thoroughly combined. This forms a good varnish for waterproof textile fabrics. Another is made of oxide of lead, 4 lbs.; lamp-black, 2 lbs.; sulphur, 5 oz.; and India-rubber dissolved in turpentine, 10 lbs. Boil together until they are thoroughly combined.

How To Adhere Engravings Or Lithographs Upon Wood

Sandarach, 250 parts, mastic in tears, 64; resin, 125; Venice turpentine, 250; and alcohol, 1000 parts by measure.

For Harness

India-rubber, ½ 1b; spirits of turpentine, 1 gal.; dissolve into a jelly; then take hot linseed oil, equal parts with the mass, and incorporate them well over a slow fire.

For Fastening Leather On Top Rollers

Gum Arabic, 2¾ oz., dissolved in water, and a like volume of isinglass dissolved in water.

How To Preserve Glass From The Rays Of The Sun

Reduce a quantity of gum tragacanth to fine powder, and let it dissolve for 24 hours in white of eggs well beat up.

For Water-Color Drawings

Canada balsam, 1 part; oil of turpentine, 2 parts, mixed. Size the drawing before applying the varnish.

Pot Objects of Natural History, for Shells, Fish, Ac-Mucilage of gum tragacanth and mucilage of gum arabic, each 1 oz. Mix, and add spirit with corrosive sublimate, so as to precipitate the more stringy part of the gum.

For Articles Of Iron And Steel

Clear grains of mastic, 10 parts; camphor, 5 parts; sandarach, 15 parts; and elemi, 5 parts. Dissolve in a sufficient quantity of alcohol, and apply without heat. This varnish will retain its transparency, and the metallic brilliancy of the article will not be obscured.

For Gun Barrels, After Browning

Shellac. 1 oz.; Dragon's blood, ¼ oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart. Dissolve and filter.

Black

Heat to boiling, 10 parts of linseed oil varnish with burnt umber, 2 parts, and powdered asphaltum, 1 part. When cooled, dilute with spirits of turpentine as required.

Balloon

Melt India-rubber in small pieces with its weight of boiled linseed oil. Thin with oil of turpentine.

Transfer

Alcohol, 5 oz.; pure Venice turpentine, 4 oz.; mastic, 1 oz.

How To Clean Varnish

Mix a lye of potash, or soda, with a little powdered chalk.

Composition For Rendering Canvas Waterproof And Pliable

Yellow soap, 1 lb., boiled in 6 pints of water, add, while hot, to 112 lbs. of paint.

Good Painting requires 4 or 5 coats; but usually only 4 are used in principal rooms; and 3 in inferior ones. Each coat must be allowed to dry perfectly before the next one is put on. One lb. of the keg paint will, after being thinned, cover about 2 sq. yds. of first coat; 3 yds. of second; and 4 yds. of each subsequent coat; or 1 sq. yd. of 3 coats will require in all, 1.08 lbs.; of 4 coats, 1 1/3 lbs.; of 5 coats, 1.58 lbs. The reason why the first coats require so much more than the subsequent ones, is that the bare surface of the wood absorbs it more.

Painting Of Brick Work

A square yard of new brick wall requires for the first coat of paint in oil, 3/4 lb.; and for the second, .3; and for the third, .4.

Common Oil Varnish

Resin, 4 lbs.; beeswax, ½ lb.; boiled oil, 1 gallon; mix with heat; then add spirits turpentine, 2 quarts.

Mastic Varnish

Mastic, l lb.; white wax, 1 or.; spirits turpentine, l gallon; reduce the gums small; then digest it with heat in a close tassel till dissolved.

Turpentine Varnish

Resin, 1 lb.; boiled oil, 1 lb.; melt; then add turpentine, 2 lbs. Mix well.

Pale Varnish

Pale African copal, 1 part; fuse. Then add hot pale oil, 2 parts. Boil the mixture till it is stringy; then cool a little, and add spirits terpentine, 3 parts.

Lacquer Varnish

A good lacquer is made by coloring lacquer varnish with turmeric and annotto. Add as much of these two coloring substances to the varnish as will give it the proper color; then squeeze the varnish through a cotton cloth, when it forms-lacquer.

Deep Gold-Colored Lacquer

Seed lac, three ounces; turmeric, one ounce; dragon's blood, one-fourth ounce; alcohol, one pint; digest for a week, frequently shaking; decant, ana filter.

Lacquers are used upon polished metals and wood to impart the appearance of gold. If yellow is required, use turmeric, aloes, saffron, or gamboge; for red, use annotto, or dragon's blood, to color. Turmeric, gamboge, and dragon's blood generally afford a sufficient range of colors.

Gold Varnish

Digest shellac, sixteen parts gum sandarach ma-tic, of each three parts; crocus, one part; gum gamboge, two parts; all bruised, with alcohol, one hundred and forty-four parts. Or, digest seedlac, sandarach, mastic, of each eight parts; gamboge, two parts; dragon's blood, one part; white turpentine, six parts; turmeric, four parts; bruised with alcohol, one hundred and twenty parts.

Gold Lacquer

Put into a clean four-gallon tin 1 pound of ground turmeric, 1½ ozs. of gamboge, 3½ lbs. of powdered sum sandarach, ¾ of a lb. of shellac, and two gallons of sprits of wine. When shaken, dissolved, and strained, add 1 pint of turpentine varnish, well mixed.

Polish For Turner's Work

Dissolve sandarach, 1 oz., In spirits of wine, ½ pt.; next shave beeswax, 1 oz.; and dissolve it in a sufficient quantity of spirits turpentine to make it into a paste; add the former mixture by negroes to it, then with a woolen cloth apply it to the work while it is in motion in the lathe, and with a soft linen rag polish it. It will appear as if highly varnished.

Varnish For Tools

Take tallow, 2 oz.; resin, 1 oz., and melt together. Strain while hot to get rid of specks which are in the resin; apply a slight coat on your tools with a brush, and it will keep off rust for any length of time.

Gold Varnish

Turmeric, 1 dram; gamboge, 1 dram; turpentine, 2 pints; shellac, 5 oz.; sandarach. 5 oz.;dragon's blood, 8 rams; thin mastic varnish, 8 oz.; digest with occasional agitation for 14 days; then set it aside to fine, and pour off the clear.

Book-Binder's Varnish

Shellac, eight parts; gum benzoin, 3 parts; gum mastic, two parte; bruise, and a alcohol, 48 parts; oil of lavender, ½ Part. Or, digest shellac, 4 parts; gum mastic, 2 parts; gum dammer and white turpentine, of each 1 part; with alcohol (95 per cent), 28 parts.

Beautiful Pale Amber Varnish

Amber, pale and transparent, 6 lbs.; fuse; add hot clarified linseed oil, 2 gals.; boil till it strings strongly, cool a little, and add oil of turpentine, 4 gals. This soon becomes very hard, and is the most durable of oil varnishes. When wanted to dry quicker, drying oil may be substituted for linseed, or "driers" may be added during the cooling.

Black Coach-Varnish

Amber, 1 lb.; fuse; add hot drying oil, ½ pt.; powdered black resin and Naples asphaltum, of each 3 oz. When properly incorporated and considerably cooled, add oil of turpentine, 1 pt.

Body Varnish

Finest African copal, 8 lbs.; fuse carefully; add clarified oil, 2 gals.; boil gently for 4¼ hours, or until quite stringy; cool a little, and thin with oil of turpentine, 3½ gals. Dries slowly.

Carriage Varnish

Sandarach. 19 oz.; pale shellac, 9½ oz.; very pale transparent resin, 12½ oz.; turpentine. 18 oz.; 85 per cent. alcohol, 5 pts.; dissolve. Used for the internal parts of carriages, etc. Dries in ten minutes.

Cabinet-Maker's Varnish

Very pale shellac, 5 lbs.; mastic, 7 oz.; alcohol, 90 per cent, 5 or 6 pts.; dissolve in the cold with frequent stirring. Used lor French polishing, etc.

Japanner's Copal Varnish

Pale African copal, 7 lbs; fuse; add clarified linseed oil, ½ pal.; boil five minutes, remove it into the Open air; add boiling oil of turpentine, 3 gals.; mix well, strain it into the cistern, and cover it up immediately. Used to varnish furniture, and by japanners, coachmakers, etc.

Copal Varnish

Pale, hard copal, 8 lbs.; add hot and pale drying oil, - gals.; boil till it strings strongly, cool a little, and thin with hot rectified oil of turpentine, 3 gals.; and strain immediately into the store can. Very fine.

Gold Varnish Of Watin, For Gilded Articles

Gumlac in grains, gamboge. dragon's Mood, and annotto, of each 12½ oz.; saffron, 3½ oz. Each resin must be dissolved separately in 5 pts. of 90 per cent. alcohol, and two separate tinctures must be made with the dragon's blood and annotto in a like quantity of spirit; and a proper proportion of each mixed together to produce the required shade.

Varnish For Plaster Casts

White soap and white wax, each ½ oz.; water, 2 pts.; boil together in a clean vessel for a short time. This varnish is to be applied when cold with a soft brush.

Transparent Varnish For Ploughs, Etc

Best alcohol, 1 gal.; gum sandarach, 2 lbs.; gum mastic, ½ lb.; place all in a tin can which admits of being corked; cork tight, shake it frequently, occasionally placing the can in hot water. When dissolved, it is ready for use.

Pine Black Varnish For Coaches

Melt in an iron pot, amber, 32 oz.; resin, 6 oz.; asphaltum, 6 oz.; drying linseed oil, 1 pt; when partly cooled, add oil of turpentine, warmed, 1 pint.

Mordant Varnish

Dissolve 1 oz. mastic, 1 oz. sandarach, ½ oz. gum gamboge, and ¼ oz. turpentine in 6 oz. spirits turpen-tine. One of the simplest mordants is that procured by dissolving a little honey in thick glue. It has the effect of greatly heightening the color of the gold, and the leaf sticks extremely well.

Changing Varnish

To imitate Gold or Silver, etc. Put 4 oz. best gum gamboge into 32 oz. spirits of turpentine; 4 oz. dragon's blood into 32 oz. spirits turpentine, and 1 oz. of annotto into 8 oz. spirits turpentine. Make the 3 three mixtures in different vessels. Keep them in a warm place, exposed to the sun as much as possible, for about 2 weeks, when they will be fit for use. Add together such quantities of each liquor as the nature of the color you are desirous of obtaining will point out.

Varnish, Transparent, For Wood

Best alcohol, 1 gal.; nice gum shell, 2½ lbs. Place the jug or bottle in a situation to keep it just a little warm, and it will dissolve quicker than if hot, or left cold.

Patent Varnish For Wood Or Canvas

Take spirits of turpentine, l gal.; asphaltum, 2½ lbs.; put them into an iron kettle which will fit upon a stove, and dissolve the gum by heat. When dissolved and a little cool, add copal varnish, 1 pt.; and boiled linseed oil, 1 pt.; when cold it is ready for use. Perhaps a little lampblack would make it a more perfect black.

Beautiful Varnish For Violins, Etc

Rectified spirits of wine, ½ gal.; add 6 oz. gum sandarach, 3 oz. gum mastic, and ½ pint turpentine varnish; put the above in a tin can by the stove, Frequently shaking till well dissolved; strain, and keep for use. If you find it harder than you wish, thin with more turpentine-varnish.

Crimson Satin For Musical Instruments

Ground Brazil wood, l lb.; water, 8 quarts; cochineal, ½ ounce; boil the Brazil with the water for an hour, strain, add the cochineal, boil gently for half an hour, when it will be fit for use. If you wish a scarlet tint, boil an ounce of saffron in a quart of water, and pass over the work before you stain it.

Urple Satin

Chipped logwood, 1 lb.; water, 3 quarts; pearl-ash, 4 ounces; powdered indigo, 2 ounces. Boil the logwood in the water half an hour, add the pearl-ash and indigo, and when dissolved you will have a beautiful purple.