Long Ton Table

16 ounces................................=

1 pound.........................lb.

112 pounds................................ =

1 hundredweight ......cwt.

20 cwt., or 2,240 lb.................=

1 ton...............................T.

Troy Weight

24 grains (gr.) ..........................=

1 pennyweight .........pwt.

20 pennyweights...................... =

1 ounce.........................oz.

12 ounces................................... =

1 pound.........................lb.

1 lb. = 12 oz. = 240 pwt. = 5,760 gr.

Dry Measure

2 pints (pt.) .............................=

1 quart........................qt.

8 quarts ...................................=

1 peck....................pk

4 pecks......................................=

1 bushel .......................bu.

1 bu. = 4 pk. = 32 qt.= 64 pt.

The U. S. struck bushel contains 2,150.42 cu. in. = 1.2444 cu. ft. Its dimension are, by law, 18i in. in diameter and 8 in. deep. The heaped bushel is equal to 1 1/4 struck bushels, the cone being 6 in. high. The dry gallon contains 268.8 cu. in., being 1/8 bu.

For approximations, the bushel may be taken at 1 1/4 cu. ft.; or a cubic foot may be considered 4/5 of a bushel.

The British bushel contains 2,218.19 cu. in. = 1.2837 cu. ft. = 1.032 U. S. bushels.

Liquid Measure

4 gills (gi.) ..........................=

1 pint ............................pt.

2 pints...............................................=

1 quart.................................qt

4 quarts................................... =

1 gallon .....................gal.

31 1/2 gallons...................................=

1 barrel...............................bbl

2 barrels, or 63 gallons ..........=

1 hogshead................hhd.

lhhd. = 2bbl. = 63 gal. = 252 qt. == 504 pt. = 2,016 gi.

The U. S. gallon contains 231 cu. in. = .134 cu. ft., nearly; or 1 cu. ft. contains 7.480 gal. The following cylinders contain the given measures very closely:

Diam.

Height

Diam.

Height

Gill.............

1 3/4 in.

3 in.

Gallon ......

7 in.

6 in.

Pint .........

3 1/2 in.

3 in.

8 gallons

14 in.

12 in.

Quart .......

3 1/2 in.

6 in.

10 gallons

14 in.

15 in.

With water at its maximum density weighing 62.425 lb. per cu. ft.), a gallon of pure water weighs 8.345 lb.

For approximations, 1 cu. ft. of water is considered equal to 7 1/2 gal., and 1 gal. as weighing 8 1/3 lb.

The British imperial gallon, both liquid and dry, contains 277.274 cu. in. = .16046 cu. ft., and is equivalent to the volume of 10 lb. of pure water at 62° F. To reduce U. S. to British liquid gallons, divide by 1.2. Conversely, to convert British into U. S. liquid gallons, multiply by 1.2; or, increase the number of gallons 1/5.