Apple Headed

Skull round, instead of flat, on top.

Babbler

A dog that gives too much tongue when working.

Beefy

Big, beefy hindquarters.

Belton

(Blue and lemon) spotted or flecked, and applied to Laverick Setters.

Blaze

A white mark or stripe up the face.

Blood

A dog which shows high breeding.

Breeching

The tan-colored hairs on the back of the thighs of a Black-and-tan Terrier.

Broken-Up Face

Refers more particularly to the face of the Bulldog or Toy Spaniel, and comprises the receding nose, or lay-back, deep stop, and wrinkle.

Burr

The inside of the ears.

Brisket

That part of the body in front of the cnest, or the chest.

Brush

The long fringe of hair on under side of tail of long-haired dogs.

Butterfly Nose

A nose with spotted nostrils.

Button-Ear

An ear which falls over in front, concealing the inside, as in Fox Terrier.

Cat-Footed

A short, round foot, with knuckles high and well developed. A desirable foot for all running dogs.

Chaps Or Chops

The pendulous lips of the bulldog; the foreface of a bulldog.

Character

Pronounced indications of the breed to which the dog belongs; also, marked indications of intelligence.

Cheeky

When the cheek bumps are strongly defined; thick in cheek.

Chest

The chest of a dog must not be confounded with the brisket; the breast or chest extends between the fore-legs from the brisket to the belly.

Cloddy Or Cobby

Thick-set, short-coupled, and low in stature.

Cobby

Well ribbed up, short and compact in build.

Comb-Fringe

The long hair that hangs clown from the tail of the setter.

Condition

In good health, flesh and coat.

Couplings

The length of space between the tops of tne shoulder blades and the tops of the hip joints. The term denotes the proportionate length of the dog, such as long and short in the couplings.

Cow-Hocked

The hocks turning inwards.

Crank-Tail

Same as above.

Crest

The upper ridge or portion of the dog's neck. Generally applied to sporting dogs.

Crook-Tail

The crooked tail of a Bulldog.

Cushion

Fullness in the top lips.

Deep In Brisket

Deep in chest; deep from withers to point where chest and brisket meet.

Dew-Claws

Extra claws, found on the inside of the lower portion of the hind-legs of many dogs.

Dewlap

Pendulous skin under the throat.

Dish-Faced

Having the nose higher at the tip than at the stop. Sometimes seen in Pointers.

Dome

High in skull, showing an elevation between the ears.

Dudley Nose

A flesh-colored nose.

Elbow

The joint at the top of the forearm.

Elbows Out

Where the elbow joints turn perceptibly out from the body, as in Bulldogs or Dachshunds.

Expression

The expression of a dog is largely but not wholly determined by the size, angular position, and degree of prominence of the eye. For instance, in a St. Bernard the eye is small, somewhat sunken, showing a little haw. This gives a dignified and rather benevolent expression. "Collie expression" depends largely on the angle at which eyes are set to each other.

Faking

Disguising a dog's coat or appearance by dyeing, staining, clipping, or otherwise interfering with the dog's natural formation.

Feather

The fringe or hair on the back of the legs of some breeds, notably Setters, Spaniels and Collies.

Fiddle-Headed

A long, gaunt, wolfish head, as seen in some Mastiffs.

Flag

The tail, with its long hair, as seen in some Setters and Newfoundlands.

Flat-Sided

Flat in ribs; opposite of well-ribbed up.

Flews

The overhanging lips of the upper jaw. The term chiefly applied to hounds or other deep mouthed dogs.

Forearm

The principal part of the fore-leg, extending from elbow to pastern.

Frill

The fringe or hair on the chest of dogs, especially as in the Collie.

Frog-Face Or Down-Face

Nose not receding.

Grizzle

A bluish-gray color.

Hare-Foot

A long, narrow foot, carried forward. The opposite of Cat-foot.

Harlequin

Pied, mottled, or patchy in color.

Haw

The red, inside eyelid, as shown in the Bloodhound and St. Bernard.

Height

The height of a dog is measured at the shoulder. The proper method is to stand the dog on level ground, close by a wall, and to lay a flat rule across his shoulders horizontally so as to touch the wall; then measure to the point touched by the rule. Some people "tape" from the center between the shoulders to the ground, but this plan obviously adds to the real height of the dog, and is practically a fraud.

Hocks

The hock-joints.

Huckle-Bones

Tops of the hip-joints. The space between these and the tops of the shoulders is called the couplings.

Kink-Tail

A tail with a single break or kink in it.

Knee

The joint attaching the fore-pastern and forearm.

Leather

The skin. Especially applied to the ear.

Leggy

Too long in leg compared with the body. Stilted.

Lengthy

Denoting length of body, as in the Skye or St. Bernard.

Level

Applied to jaws and teeth where they meet in front, and means that they meet evenly.

Loins

That part of the anatomy of the dog between the last rib and hindquarters.

Long In Flank

Long in back and loins.

Lippy

Overhanging lips, where such ought not to exist.

Lumber

Superfluous flesh.

Mane

The feather, or long fine hair on shoulders of Collies, Newfoundlands and some other breeds.

Mane

The profuse hair on top of neck.

Mask

The dark muzzle of a Mastiff or Pug.

Merle

A bluish-gray color splashed with black.

Monkey-Faced

See' Dish-faced.

Occiput

The prominent bone at the back or top of the skull. Particularly prominent in Bloodhounds.

Out At Shoulders

Shoulders set on outside, as in the Bulldog.

Out At Elbows

Elbows turning out.

Overshot

The upper teeth projecting beyond the lower. This fault in excess makes a dog pig-jawed.

Pad

The under portion or sole of the foot.

Pastern

The lowest section of the leg below the knee or hock junction with foot.

Peaked

Dome of skull high, as in Bloodhounds and Irish Setters.

Penciling

The black marks or streaks divided by tan on the toes of a Black-and-tan Terrier.

Pig-Jawed

The upper jaw longer than the lower.

Piley

A mixture of hard and soft hair in the coat, the short coat being woolly.

Plume

The tail of a Pomeranian.

Prick Ear

(See Tulip-ear.) An erect ear; not turned down or folded.

Quality

The evidence of good blood and breeding, and of desirable characteristics as shown in the general appearance of the dog.

Racy

Slight in build and leggy, as in the Greyhound or Whippet.

Ring-Tailed

Where the tail at the end curls into a ring.

Roach Back Or Arched Loins

The arched or wheel formation of loin, as in a Greyhound, Dachshund, Dandie Dinmont Terrier, and Bulldog.

Rose-Ear

An ear of which the tip turns backward and downward; that is, it folds at the back, and the tip laps over outward, showing part of the inside of the ear.

Second Thighs

The muscular development between stifle-joint and hock.

Semi-Prick Ear

An erect ear of which the end falls over forward.

Septum

The division between the nostrils.

Shelly

Too narrow and light in body.

Short-Coupled

Short in back and loins.

Shoulder

The top of the shoulder blade, the point at which the height of a dog is measured.

Sickle-Tail

A tail forming a semi-circle, like a sickle.

Skull

Formed by the frontal, parietal and occipital bones - the brain box.

Snipey

Where the muzzle is long, narrow or peaked.

Snipy

Too pointed in muzzle.

Splay-Foot

The foot spread out flat.

Stern

The region of the tail.

Stifle

The point next the buttock - the hip joint.

Stop

The hollow or indentation between the skull and nasal bone, below the eyes. This feature is strongly developed in Bulldogs.

Style

Showy, spirited, or gay demeanor.

Throatiness

Excess of loose skin at the throat, dewlap. In some breeds this is a fault.

Thumb Marks

The round, black spots on the fore-legs of a Black-and-tan Terrier.

Tight-Lipped

Having no flew.

Timber

Bone.

Tongue

-The voice.

Top-Knot

The hair on the top of the head, as in the Irish Water Spaniel, Dandie Dinmont, and Bedlington Terrier.

Trace

The dark mark down the back of a Pug.

Tricolor

Black, tan and white.

Tucked-Up

Tucked-up loin, as in the Greyhound.

Tulip Ear

Partly pricked, or upright, and drooping at the tip.

Twist

The curled tail of a Pug.

Undershot

The lower jaw projecting beyond the upper one.

Undershot

The lower incisor teeth projecting beyond the upper, as in Bulldogs. The under jaw protruding beyond the upper jaw.

Upright Shoulders

Shoulders that are set in an upright, instead of an oblique position; not laid back.

Varmint Expression

As in the eye of the Fox Terrier, which is free from Haw, is not sunken, is round but rather small than large, and set horizontally, not obliquely, giving a keen, rather "cussed" look.

Vent

The tan-colored hair below root of tail.

Wall-Eye

A blue mottled eye.

Weedy

A dog that is leggy, thin, and out of condition.

Wheaten

Pale yellowish color.

Wrinkle

Loose-folding skin over the skull.